Banyak peserta tes IELTS gagal mencapai skor yang diinginkan bukan karena kemampuan membaca, menulis, atau berbicara mereka lemah, melainkan karena keterbatasan vocabulary. Padahal, kosa kata adalah salah satu penentu skor tinggi, khususnya dalam bagian Speaking dan Writing.
Vocabulary IELTS, daftar kosakata disusun secara tematik—mulai dari animals, business, crime, education, food, technology, hingga work—yang sering muncul dalam tes IELTS. Artikel ini akan membedah strategi penguasaan vocabulary, memberikan contoh-contoh kata penting, serta menyajikan cheat sheet ringkas untuk membantu Anda belajar lebih efisien.
Mengapa Vocabulary Penting dalam IELTS?
1. Lexical Resource sebagai Kriteria Penilaian
Dalam Speaking dan Writing, penilai menilai keluasan kosakata dan kemampuan Anda menggunakan kata dengan tepat. Kata yang repetitif atau terlalu sederhana bisa menurunkan skor.
2. Pemahaman Bacaan & Listening
Kosakata yang luas membantu Anda memahami teks akademik dalam Reading maupun audio di Listening. Kata-kata seperti endangered species, sustainable growth, rehabilitation, atau cybersecurity kerap muncul.
3. Kemampuan Parafrase
IELTS sering menguji kemampuan parafrase. Dengan vocabulary yang kuat, Anda bisa mengganti kata big menjadi enormous, massive, atau substantial sesuai konteks.
Kategori Vocabulary IELTS yang Wajib Dikuasai
A. Vocabulary tentang Animals & Environment
Kosakata ini sering muncul di topik ecology, conservation, atau wildlife.
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adaptation, biodiversity, conservation, habitat, extinction, endangered species
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predator, prey, domestication, poaching, ecological balance
Contoh Kalimat IELTS:
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The government should enforce stricter laws to prevent poaching of endangered species.
B. Vocabulary tentang Art & Culture
Sering digunakan dalam Speaking Part 2 (describing a museum, exhibition, or cultural event).
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exhibition, masterpiece, mural, heritage, multiculturalism, tradition, stereotype
Contoh Kalimat IELTS:
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The local museum hosted an exhibition on traditional crafts that reflected the country’s heritage.
C. Vocabulary tentang Business & Economy
Topik ini sering muncul di Writing Task 2 mengenai globalisasi, ekonomi, dan perusahaan multinasional.
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entrepreneur, startup, revenue, profit, merger, acquisition, sustainable, scalable, stakeholder
Contoh Kalimat IELTS:
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Many startups fail because they lack a clear strategy and sustainable revenue model.
D. Vocabulary tentang Crime and Punishment
Topik ini sering keluar di Writing Task 2 saat membahas hukum, keadilan, atau sosial.
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arrest, fraud, felony, death penalty, house arrest, rehabilitation, white-collar crime
Contoh Kalimat IELTS:
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Some people argue that the death penalty is necessary to reduce the crime rate.
E. Vocabulary tentang Education
Topik yang paling sering muncul dalam IELTS Writing Task 2.
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assignment, attendance, compulsory, curriculum, pedagogy, discipline, private vs. public school
Contoh Kalimat IELTS:
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Making physical education compulsory could improve students’ health and reduce obesity.
F. Vocabulary tentang Food and Diet
Topik populer dalam Speaking Part 1 dan Writing Task 2 tentang gaya hidup sehat.
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balanced diet, junk food, vegetarian, processed food, nutrition, flavour, savoury
Contoh Kalimat IELTS:
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Fast food is popular, but it often lacks the nutrients required for a balanced diet.
G. Vocabulary tentang Technology & Internet
Salah satu topik paling sering keluar dalam IELTS Writing dan Speaking.
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artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, algorithm, cloud computing, privacy, networking
Contoh Kalimat IELTS:
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The rise of artificial intelligence has created both opportunities and challenges for employment.
H. Vocabulary tentang Travel
Sangat sering muncul dalam Speaking Part 1 & 2.
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itinerary, sightseeing, destination, resort, accommodation, expedition, tourist attraction
Contoh Kalimat IELTS:
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During my vacation, I followed a detailed itinerary that included visits to several landmarks.
I. Vocabulary tentang Work & Career
Topik ini sering muncul dalam Writing Task 2 ketika membahas keseimbangan hidup dan karier.
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internship, overtime, salary, unemployment, career path, promotion, workload
Contoh Kalimat IELTS:
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Many employees experience stress due to excessive workload and lack of work-life balance.
Strategi Menguasai Vocabulary IELTS
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Belajar Berdasarkan Tema
Gunakan daftar vocabulary per kategori. -
Gunakan Flashcards
Tulis kata di satu sisi dan contoh kalimat di sisi lain. -
Latihan Parafrase
Ambil satu kata (important) dan buat sinonim: crucial, essential, vital, significant. -
Gunakan dalam Speaking & Writing
Cobalah menulis esai atau rekam jawaban IELTS Speaking dengan memasukkan kosakata baru. -
Review Berkala
Gunakan teknik spaced repetition untuk mengingat lebih lama.
IELTS Vocabulary Flashcards
| No | Vocabulary | Meaning (Bahasa Indonesia) | Contoh Kalimat IELTS |
| 1 | biodiversity | keanekaragaman hayati | Protecting biodiversity is essential for maintaining ecological stability. |
| 2 | conservation | konservasi | Governments should invest more in conservation projects. |
| 3 | extinction | kepunahan | Many scientists warn that climate change accelerates extinction. |
| 4 | poaching | perburuan liar | Stronger laws are needed to combat wildlife poaching. |
| 5 | ecological balance | keseimbangan ekologi | Ecological balance is disrupted by human activities. |
| 6 | exhibition | pameran | The art exhibition attracted thousands of visitors. |
| 7 | heritage | warisan budaya | This temple is part of the world’s cultural heritage. |
| 8 | multiculturalism | multikulturalisme | Multiculturalism enriches a country’s social fabric. |
| 9 | stereotype | stereotip | Media often promotes negative stereotypes about immigrants. |
| 10 | tradition | tradisi | Tradition plays a vital role in shaping cultural identity. |
| 11 | entrepreneur | wirausahawan | An entrepreneur must take risks to succeed in business. |
| 12 | revenue | pendapatan | The company’s annual revenue exceeded expectations. |
| 13 | profit | keuntungan | The firm reported a significant profit last quarter. |
| 14 | sustainable | berkelanjutan | Sustainable energy sources reduce carbon emissions. |
| 15 | stakeholder | pemangku kepentingan | Stakeholders must be involved in major decisions. |
| 16 | fraud | penipuan | The company collapsed due to financial fraud. |
| 17 | death penalty | hukuman mati | Some countries have abolished the death penalty. |
| 18 | rehabilitation | rehabilitasi | Rehabilitation programs help prisoners reintegrate into society. |
| 19 | crime rate | tingkat kejahatan | The government must reduce the rising crime rate. |
| 20 | white-collar crime | kejahatan kerah putih | White-collar crime often involves financial manipulation. |
| 21 | compulsory | wajib | Physical education should be compulsory in schools. |
| 22 | curriculum | kurikulum | The new curriculum focuses on practical skills. |
| 23 | pedagogy | ilmu mengajar | Pedagogy plays a key role in effective teaching. |
| 24 | assignment | tugas | The teacher gave us a difficult assignment. |
| 25 | attendance | kehadiran | Regular attendance improves student performance. |
| 26 | balanced diet | pola makan seimbang | A balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health. |
| 27 | junk food | makanan cepat saji | Many children are addicted to junk food. |
| 28 | nutrition | gizi | Nutrition is a key factor in child development. |
| 29 | savoury | gurih | This soup has a rich savoury taste. |
| 30 | vegetarian | vegetarian | Being vegetarian has both health and environmental benefits. |
| 31 | artificial intelligence | kecerdasan buatan | Artificial intelligence is transforming industries worldwide. |
| 32 | cybersecurity | keamanan siber | Cybersecurity is a growing concern in the digital era. |
| 33 | cloud computing | komputasi awan | Cloud computing allows companies to scale faster. |
| 34 | privacy | privasi | Privacy must be protected in online transactions. |
| 35 | networking | jaringan | Networking helps professionals find better opportunities. |
| 36 | itinerary | rencana perjalanan | Our itinerary included three major cities in Europe. |
| 37 | sightseeing | wisata | We spent the afternoon sightseeing around the old town. |
| 38 | landmark | landmark/ikon | The Eiffel Tower is the most famous landmark in Paris. |
| 39 | resort | resor | They stayed at a luxury resort by the beach. |
| 40 | accommodation | akomodasi | Accommodation costs are high in city centers. |
| 41 | workload | beban kerja | Heavy workload often causes employee burnout. |
| 42 | unemployment | pengangguran | Unemployment rates have risen after the pandemic. |
| 43 | salary | gaji | He earns a high salary working in finance. |
| 44 | career path | jalur karier | She is determined to follow her career path in medicine. |
| 45 | promotion | promosi | Hard work eventually leads to promotion. |
FAQ tentang Vocabulary IELTS
1. Berapa banyak kosakata yang harus saya hafal untuk IELTS?
Tidak ada jumlah pasti, tetapi menguasai sekitar 300–500 kosakata tematik sangat membantu.
2. Apakah saya harus menghafal kamus?
Tidak. Fokus pada kosakata yang relevan dengan topik IELTS dan gunakan dalam konteks.
3. Bagaimana cara mengingat vocabulary lebih lama?
Gunakan teknik spaced repetition dan selalu praktikkan dalam speaking & writing.
4. Apakah sinonim penting dalam IELTS?
Ya, sangat penting. IELTS menilai kemampuan Anda dalam parafrase.
5. Bagaimana jika saya lupa vocabulary saat speaking?
Gunakan kata yang lebih sederhana, lalu coba kembangkan kalimat dengan contoh.
Kesimpulan
Menguasai Vocabulary IELTS adalah investasi terbesar untuk mencapai skor tinggi. Dengan mempelajari kosakata tematik yang sering muncul Anda tidak hanya memperluas pengetahuan bahasa, tetapi juga meningkatkan kemampuan memahami teks, menulis esai yang lebih akademik, dan berbicara dengan percaya diri.
💡 Aksi untuk Anda: Mulai hafalkan 20 kosakata per hari berdasarkan kategori. Dalam 1 bulan, Anda sudah menguasai lebih dari 500 kosakata yang sangat relevan untuk IELTS!
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